Daily Cosmetic Research Analysis

INTRODUCTION: The adoption of GLP-1 receptor agonists, such as semaglutide, has significantly improved obesity and type 2 diabetes management. However, their unintended side effects, particularly facial volume loss termed "Ozempic face," have disrupted aesthetic medicine. This intersection between metabolic health and aesthetics raises ethical dilemmas and growing dependency on corrective interventions such as dermal fillers. METHODS: A mixed-methods approach was employed, incorporating content analysis, social media sentiment analysis, and social network modelling. Data were collected from 15 peer-reviewed studies, clinical reports, and 3.79 million social media posts across global regions. Sentiment analysis identified public perceptions, while network analysis examined influencer dominance in promoting aesthetic solutions. RESULTS: Findings revealed a 40% increase in filler consultations attributed to GLP-1-related aesthetic concerns. Sentiment analysis showed that 72% of high-engagement content was driven by influencers normalising fillers as necessary adjuncts to GLP-1 therapies. Ethical concerns were prominent, particularly in regions like Asia and South America, where commercial narratives dominate. In contrast, North America and Europe demonstrated a more balanced approach, prioritising informed patient care under regulatory frameworks. CONCLUSION: GLP-1 therapies represent a transformative shift in metabolic care but introduce significant aesthetic, ethical, and psychological challenges. Social media amplifies commercial influences, often at the cost of evidence-based practice. Regulatory reforms, longitudinal studies, and enhanced patient education are critical to navigating this evolving landscape and ensuring patient well-being.Evidence Level: 4.

OBJECTIVE: Endotoxin is a component of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria; it adheres to orthodontic brackets and contributes to inflammation of adjacent gingival tissues. This study investigated the effects of chlorhexidine (CHX) and appliance material on plaque control, gingivitis, and subgingival endotoxin activity during the initial phase of orthodontic treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-eight participants aged 12-18 years (50% females) were recruited and randomized into groups based on appliance material (metal vs. nonmetal) and CHX use. The plaque and gingival indices, plaque pH, and subgingival endotoxin activity were assessed before appliance placement (T0) and two months after the commencement of orthodontic treatment (T1). RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the changes in endotoxin activity, periodontal status, and plaque pH (ΔT1-T0) between the metal and nonmetal groups regardless of CHX usage. Gingivitis decreased in the nonmetal appliance group with standard oral hygiene (p = 0.033). Endotoxin activity at T1 was correlated with the extent of gingivitis (r = 0.459; p < 0.001) and plaque accumulation (r = 0.264; p = 0.035). Multiple regression analysis revealed that after controlling for the effects of sex, appliance material, and CHX, the predictors of gingivitis after 2 months of orthodontic treatment were increased endotoxin activity (p = 0.004), increased plaque index (p = 0.005), and older age (p = 0.043). CONCLUSION: The early impacts of metal and nonmetal orthodontic appliances on gingival inflammation and plaque accumulation are similar, with changes in the extent of gingivitis linked to endotoxin levels rather than appliance type or CHX use. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Gingivitis during orthodontic treatment is mostly related to efficient plaque control and not to appliance material.

PURPOSE: Glaucoma is commonly treated with prostaglandin analogs (PGAs), which effectively reduce intraocular pressure. However, PGAs can cause ocular side effects, including prostaglandin-associated periorbitopathy syndrome (PAPS), characterized by fat loss, enophthalmos and increased orbital structure prominence. The underlying mechanism is believed to involve adipocyte apoptosis, altered lipid metabolism, and changes in soft tissue dynamics. Currently, there is no standardized grading for enophthalmos, complicating its management. This study aimed to classify prostaglandin-induced enophthalmos and explore surgical or minimally invasive treatments, focusing on Italian Caucasian patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study, conducted at IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital between 2005 and 2023, assessed PAPS in primary open-angle glaucoma patients. It included a two-phase approach: (1) classification of enophthalmos using clinical and radiological measures to create a composite PAPS score; and (2) evaluation of treatment options, including Calcium Hydroxylapatite (CAHY) injections and autologous fat grafting. RESULTS: A retrospective analysis of 120 glaucoma patients with prostaglandin-induced enophthalmos identified severity levels using the PAPS classification. The proposed therapeutic algorithm stratifies treatment: mild cases benefit from conservative management or fillers, moderate cases from calcium hydroxyapatite (CAHY) injections, and severe cases from combined CAHY and autologous fat grafting. CONCLUSION: A lack of a standardized grading system hinders consensus on management of PAPS. We propose a novel composite scoring system integrating six clinical parameters to stratify patients and tailor a minimally invasive therapeutic approach using calcium hydroxyapatite fillers and autologous fat grafting to restore orbital volume, improve eyelid aesthetics, and reduce complications. This classification system may serve as a clinical tool in patients with persistent or advanced PAPS who seek cosmetic correction or relief from functional symptoms.