Daily Cosmetic Research Analysis

INTRODUCTION: Recent investigations into subcutaneous tunneled periareolar incisions for thoracoscopic pulmonary resection have established procedural safety and feasibility. Nevertheless, a critical gap persists in prospective evidence. To address this, we conducted a prospective controlled trial comparing perioperative complications and incisional cosmetic outcomes between single-port pulmonary resection performed via subcutaneous tunneled periareolar approaches versus conventional lateral thoracic approaches. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 174 patients were randomized 1:1 to either the subcutaneous tunnel periareolar incision group or the conventional single-port group. All demographic, perioperative and follow-up data were prospectively collected and analyzed according to the standardized protocol. RESULTS: Neither group required intraoperative conversion to multi-port or open chest surgery. Operative duration was significantly longer in the periareolar incision group (P < 0.05). No statistically significant difference in postoperative complications was observed between the cohorts (P = 0.686). Compared to the conventional single-port approach, the periareolar incision group exhibited significantly reduced rates of clinically significant pain. The results of POSAS scale showed that the scar evaluation results were better in the periareolar incision group. Incisional cosmesis satisfaction was significantly higher in female patients who underwent periareolar incision than in those who underwent conventional single-port approach (P < 0.001), while there was no similar finding in male patients (P = 0.222). All patients reported minimal or no alterations in nipple sensitivity, with no significant functional impact on daily activities. CONCLUSION: The subcutaneous tunneled periareolar approach for single-port thoracoscopic resection demonstrates equivalent safety to conventional VATS while conferring superior cosmetic outcomes.

Surgical site infections (SSIs) significantly affect patient outcomes and healthcare costs. Alcohol-based chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) is widely used for preoperative skin preparation; however, aqueous CHG is being considered as a safer alternative in certain settings. This study was designed as an equivalence randomized controlled trial to compare aqueous versus alcoholic CHG for surgical site infection (SSI) prevention in major abdominal operations. A single-centre, randomised controlled equivalence trial (Thai Clinical Trials Registry No. TCTR20211028001, Date October 28, 2021) enrolled 1,326 patients undergoing elective or emergency abdominal surgeries. Participants were randomised to receive skin preparation with either 2% aqueous CHG or 2% alcohol-based CHG. The primary outcome was 30-day total SSI incidence. Secondary outcomes included seroma, wound dehiscence, and hospital stay. Analyses were conducted using intention-to-treat, per-protocol, and as-treated approaches. In the modified intention-to-treat population, total SSI rates were 8.45% (95% CI: 6.44-10.83) in the aqueous CHG group and 10.26% (95% CI: 8.05-12.82) in the alcohol-based group. There was no significant difference in total SSI rates between groups (RD -0.7%, 95% CI: -3.3 to 1.8). Similar results were found in other analyses. Secondary outcomes showed no significant group differences. All findings were within the predefined equivalence margin. Although SSI rates were similar, statistical equivalence was not demonstrated due to wide confidence intervals. Aqueous CHG may still be a suitable alternative where alcohol-based CHG is contraindicated.

An estimated 800 million people globally are reported to be suffering from lead poisoning. In India, lead exposure has affected many states such as Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, and Chhattisgarh. The current research study has been conducted in various districts for Bihar such as Patna, Vaishali, Saran, Nalanda, Buxar and Bhojpur for the first time to estimate the lead exposure levels in subjects. The study was conducted on n = 282 lactating mothers and their breastfed infants. In the studied n = 282 lactating mother's blood samples, 94% had lead contamination higher than the WHO permissible limit of 50 µg/L. In the lactating mother's urine samples, 90% had lead contamination higher than the WHO permissible limit of 50 µg/L. Similarly, in the child's urine study, 41% had lead contamination higher than the WHO permissible limit of 50 µg/L. However, the analysed household handpump water also had lead contamination in 6% of the water sources more than the WHO permissible limit of 10 µg/L, while 94% of water sources had safer levels. This indicates that the source of lead contamination in biological samples of the studied subjects was mildly due to lead contaminated water. Hence, food, vegetables, animal milk or animal meat could be the source of lead contamination in the exposed subjects. Moreover, this could also be due to the use of local market turmeric, use of ayurvedic medicines, cosmetic - whitening creams by the exposed subjects. The long-term exposure to lead has caused non-carcinogenic HQ higher values i.e. > 1 in child and their mothers. Hence, the current study concludes that significant amount of lead contamination was observed in the exposed population's biological samples. The exposed lactating mother's breastfed infants are at high risk of developing neurological disorders which could cause severe health risk to them. The study recommends the state Government to take preventive measures to control the lead poisoning within the exposed community of Bihar (India).