Synergistic Anti-Aging Effects of Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Extracellular Vesicles Loaded With Natural Compounds.

Summary

Multi-omics defined ASC-sEV cargoes linked to collagen formation, pigmentation, and oxidative stress. Loading ASC-sEVs with select natural compounds enhanced anti-oxidant, anti-wrinkle, and anti-melanogenic effects versus sEVs or compounds alone, without cytotoxicity.

Key Findings

• ASC-sEV multi-omics identified bioactive molecules regulating collagen formation, pigmentation, oxidative stress, and inflammation.
• In UVB-exposed HaCaT cells, sEVs loaded with NR+RES+VITC reduced ROS by 22.0%.
• sEVs combined with RES+RET decreased MMP3 and increased PLOD1 expression.
• In B16F10 melanocytes, sEVs loaded with RES+ARB reduced intra- and extracellular melanin by 21.4% and 22.4%, respectively, without cytotoxicity.

Clinical Implications

Although preclinical, the data support EV-based cosmeceutical formulations that could enhance efficacy at lower doses, potentially improving safety profiles and multi-target anti-aging performance.

Limitations

• Exclusively in vitro; no in vivo or human data to confirm efficacy, delivery, or durability.
• Stability, dosing, and manufacturing scalability of compound-loaded sEVs were not addressed.

Future Directions

Validate in vivo efficacy and safety, optimize loading/stability, compare delivery versus conventional vehicles, and evaluate clinical endpoints (wrinkles, pigmentation) in early-phase trials.