An Injectable CMCS/γ-PGA/PRP Bioadhesive With Antibacterial, Adhesive, and Regenerative Properties for Infected Wound Healing.

Summary

This preclinical study reports a tri-functional injectable CMCS/γ-PGA/PRP bioadhesive achieving >99.9% bacterial kill, rapid wet-tissue adhesion, and sustained growth factor release. In infected rat wounds, one application produced sterile sealing and full epithelialization by day 6 with enhanced collagen deposition and M2 macrophage polarization.

Key Findings

• >99.9% bactericidal efficacy against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus
• Instantaneous wet-tissue adhesion exceeding 3 kPa
• Sustained gradient release of PDGF, TGF-β, and VEGF
• Infected rat wounds achieved sterile sealing and complete epithelialization within 6 days
• 1.5-fold increase in collagen deposition and M2 macrophage polarization

Clinical Implications

If validated in humans, this bioadhesive could provide a one-step alternative for managing contaminated traumatic and surgical wounds in plastic and reconstructive settings, potentially lowering infection rates and accelerating healing.

Limitations

• Preclinical animal data without human clinical validation
• Long-term safety, biofilm robustness, and head-to-head comparisons with standard of care are not reported

Future Directions

Conduct GLP toxicology, dose-ranging, and randomized clinical trials in contaminated traumatic and surgical wounds; evaluate performance against polymicrobial biofilms and in immunocompromised hosts.