Daily Cosmetic Research Analysis

BACKGROUND: Terpene hydroperoxides are oxidation products of fragrance terpenes commonly found in cosmetic and household products. They are moderate to strong contact allergens associated with allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). Through the cleavage of their oxygen-oxygen bond, they have the potential to induce lipid peroxidation (LPO). However, the role of oxidised lipids in the context of ACD is largely unexplored. OBJECTIVES: Herein, the capacity of terpene hydroperoxides derived from linalool (Lin-6/7-OOH), geraniol (Ger-6/7-OOH), and limonene (Lim-2-OOH) to induce LPO was evaluated using liposomes in a biomimetic metal-catalysed oxidation system. LPO products were identified and quantified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and Tandem MS (MS/MS). The C11-BODIPY RESULTS: LC-MS/MS analysis identified 14 LPO products (long-chain and short-chain) formed under metal-catalysed oxidation mediated by terpene hydroperoxides. All hydroperoxides tested at 50 mM caused significant LPO, with Lim-2-OOH exhibiting exceptionally high oxidising potential. The C11-BODIPY CONCLUSIONS: This work shows the ability of terpene hydroperoxide allergens to cause LPO, raising the possibility that LPO products may act as effectors in the pathogenesis of ACD.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: A phase 2 prospective noninferiority trial evaluating a novel 9 fraction course of whole breast radiation and simultaneous lumpectomy boost. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tis and T1-3N0 patients enrolled to receive 3420 cGy radiation to the breast with 3960 cGy to the lumpectomy cavity. The primary endpoint was averaged photographic cosmetic scores at 24 months with a hypothesis of >70% good to excellent cosmetic breast scoring 24 months after completing radiation, assuming a baseline excellent/good cosmetic scoring of 80% with an 80% power, α = 0.1. RESULTS: From 2018 to 2020, with institutional review board approval, 103 patients were enrolled. Patients had mostly invasive ductal carcinoma (75%), tumor size ≤ 2cm (88%), negative margins (92%), no lympho-vascular invasion (80%), and estrogen receptor positive (85%). Patients had a mean age of 59.5 years (33-82). With a mean follow-up of 51 months, there were no local recurrences and 1 patient with both regional (axilla) and distant (brain) recurrence. Twenty-four-month post-radiation therapy (RT) cosmetic photos were 68% excellent/good, and 32% fair/poor. The null hypothesis was not rejected with one-sided 95% exact binomial confidence interval of 59.1% (59.1%-100%). There were no reported late ≥grade 3 radiation toxicity events and only 4 patients with late grade 2 events. Patient-reported outcomes utilizing the Breast-Q survey revealed breast satisfaction in 85% of women. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate an effective novel 9 fraction whole breast + lumpectomy boost radiation schedule. This trial uses one of the shortest published radiation schedules for a lumpectomy boost. Although we did not meet our prespecified cosmetic endpoint, no significant cosmetic change from baseline was seen in 80% of patients. We demonstrate excellent local control, and patient-reported satisfaction with low RT-related toxicity. We hope to move this concept forward in a randomized trial against the 5-day United Kingdom (UK) Fast Forward regimen, inclusive of a simultaneous lumpectomy cavity boost.

Previous research has shown that potentially toxic elements may be present in cosmetic products as impurities or for pigmentation and may be linked to adverse health effects. Yet in low-resource countries where cosmetics hold historical and cultural significance, potentially toxic element contamination in cosmetics is often not well studied or regulated. Current 'gold standard' methods for quantifying these contaminates are inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). These methods are expensive, time-consuming, and require rigorous sample preparation, making them challenging to perform in low-resource countries. The goal of this research is to develop a field-friendly method of potentially toxic element analysis. Initial studies focused on screening cosmetic samples collected from the low-resource countries; the results showed that lead (Pb) was present in particularly high concentrations. Further analysis showed that 79% of all the collected eyeliner cosmetic samples contained hazardous levels of Pb contamination. Towards the development of a more field-friendly analysis method for Pb contamination, we created and validated a Pb-spiked cosmetic standard that was used to assess different extraction methods. We then optimized an alternative method using citric acid for use with a field-friendly anodic stripping voltammetry analysis method; this method resulted in the detection of 83% of the total Pb present in the fortified standard. However, when this alternative method was used to analyze the collected samples, matrix effects of select cosmetics significantly reduced the Pb detection. Further research will need to be conducted to address the matrix effects of these cosmetics.