Daily Cosmetic Research Analysis

This systematic review analyzes clinical, preclinical, and patent literature on nano-enabled mouthwashes for plaque control. Searches were conducted across PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and three patent databases (Google Patents, Lens, and Espacenet) for English-language records published from January 2018 to June 2025. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), other human investigations, and in vitro, ex vivo, or animal studies evaluating nanoparticle-based mouthrinses. Two reviewers independently extracted data, assessed bias risk using the RoB-2 tool, and rated evidence certainty with the GRADE approach. Findings were narratively summarized due to methodological differences. A total of 38 records met the inclusion criteria: 25 primary research studies (10 RCTs; 15 in vitro/animal) and 13 patents on nano-enabled mouthwashes. Silver nanoparticles were the most studied, followed by zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, calcium phosphate, and herbal nanoemulsions. Nano-enabled mouthwashes reduced plaque index by a pooled mean difference of 0.32(95 % CI: 0.25 to 0.39; I

Hairy root cultures, generated via Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation, are a major advance in plant biotechnology. They exhibit genetic stability, autonomous growth without exogenous phytohormones, and sustained high-yield production of bioactive secondary metabolites. These systems have applications in pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and cosmetics. Notable metabolites include vincristine from Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don, withanolides from Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, and ginsenosides from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, displaying anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and neuroprotective activities. Despite these advantages, challenges such as suboptimal yields in certain species, inefficient transformation protocols, and complex regulatory frameworks limit industrial adoption. To address this, a systematic review was performed following PRISMA guidelines. Data were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science using terms including "hairy root culture," "secondary metabolite biosynthesis," and "elicitation strategies." The review included experimental studies on medicinal plant species capable of metabolite production via hairy roots, excluding theoretical studies and non-medicinal plants. The review pursued five primary objectives: (1) to compile a comprehensive inventory of medicinal plant species utilized in hairy root research; (2) to critically evaluate elicitation methods for enhancing metabolite production; (3) to examine current challenges related to scale-up of hairy root cultures for industrial application; (4) to identify actionable strategies to overcome existing limitations; and (5) to highlight the pharmaceutical properties of secondary metabolites derived from hairy roots. Empirical findings indicate that elicitors-such as jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, and emerging nanomaterials-significantly enhance metabolite accumulation. Molecular tools further optimize biosynthetic pathways. Nevertheless, species-specific constraints and unharmonized regulatory guidelines continue to impede commercialization. Integration of genetic engineering, bioprocess optimization, and regulatory science is essential to fully exploit the biotechnological potential of hairy root culture systems for pharmaceutical development.

Modern imaging enables real-time observation of behavior under stress. Light is a major stressor for fish larvae and aquatic invertebrates, yet the effects of different wavelengths and intensities on behavior remain poorly understood. The freshwater zooplankton Daphnia magna, a key model species, typically displays negative vertical phototaxis to avoid predation. This study applied a high-throughput video-tracking system to assess chromatic phototactic responses in D. magna exposed to two common UV filters, octocrylene (OC) and benzophenone-3 (BP-3), at concentrations from 0.1 to 1000 μg/L. A custom chamber was designed with two experimental setups: (i) a horizontal rack of six 30 mL arenas to examine vertical phototaxis across wavelengths, and (ii) a 200 mL arena to test color preference. Illumination was provided by five LEDs (red, green, blue, UV-A, white) with infrared backlighting, and tracking performed using an infrared GigE camera with Python-based analysis. Control assays showed adult D. magna preferred blue and white light, followed by green, red, and UV. The strongest negative phototaxis occurred under UV-A, the weakest under red. Locomotor activity was greatest under white and lowest under red. Chemical exposure altered these patterns: OC at 10 μg/L increased negative phototaxis and reduced movement, whereas BP-3 at 100-1000 μg/L enhanced both. UV filters also shifted color preference, increasing selection of UV over other wavelengths, blue over white, and green over blue. Such behavioral disruptions could influence diel vertical migration, foraging, and trophic interactions, potentially increasing zooplankton predation and reducing algae grazing. This platform provides a robust high-throughput approach to evaluate locomotor responses of aquatic organisms under varying light conditions, offering new opportunities to uncover how chemical pollutants disrupt visual perception and behavior in aquatic ecosystems.