Sustainable encapsulation of lipophilic fragrances using biodegradable sodium alginate for cosmetic applications.

Summary

This study introduces a biodegradable sodium alginate microencapsulation platform that achieves high loading (average 81%, up to 97%), sustained fragrance release for up to 30 days, and 4-month stability in a conditioner matrix. It offers a credible microplastics-free alternative without compromising performance.

Key Findings

• Sodium alginate microcapsules achieved an average 81% fragrance encapsulation, up to 97% for one fragrance.
• Prolonged scent release was observed, remaining detectable for up to 30 days.
• Microcapsules maintained fragrance load for four months within a conditioner matrix.
• Organoleptic testing showed higher perceived intensity over time versus non-encapsulated fragrances.
• Process uses Phase Inversion Composition nanoemulsion followed by internal gelation and dispersion.

Clinical Implications

For dermatology and cosmetic formulators, this enables transition away from microplastic-based capsules toward biodegradable systems with equal or superior fragrance longevity, reducing environmental impact of topical products.

Limitations

• No toxicological or skin compatibility testing was reported.
• Economic scalability and head-to-head comparisons against incumbent microplastic systems were not fully addressed.

Future Directions

Evaluate skin safety and sensory performance across product categories, assess biodegradation in real-world conditions, and benchmark against commercial microplastic capsules at scale.