Daily Cosmetic Research Analysis

AIM: This study aims to compare the cosmetic outcomes in early-stage breast cancer patients treated with whole breast irradiation (WBI) or partial-breast irradiation (PBI), using both subjective and objective tools, to assess clinical factors contributing to cosmesis scores, and to compare radiation toxicity outcomes. METHODS: Breast cosmesis was scored by using the physician-rated Harvard cosmesis scale at the time of consultation and at each follow-up visit and objectively using the BCCT.core software on standardized photographs. RESULTS: Ninety-nine patients received WBI, and thirty-six received PBI. 91% of patients treated with WBI and 86.1% with PBI scored excellent/good by physician ratings at follow-up vs. 68.4% and 72.2 % by BCCT.core software. Agreement between both tools was low (κ = 0.057 for WBI patients and κ = 0.012 for PBI patients). There was less than a 15% decline in physician-rated cosmetic scores for either WBI or PBI patients, but a 27.3% decline for WBI patients by BCCT.core software scoring. There was no association of prone vs. supine position, tumor bed boost, fractionation scheme, or addition of regional nodal irradiation with long-term cosmesis scores determined by either assessment tool, except for oncoplastic surgery which was associated with a higher score. CONCLUSIONS: Breast cosmesis scores after either WBI or PBI are favorable; however, the agreement between physician rating and the BCCT.core software is poor. The BCCT.core software was more likely to indicate a decline in cosmetic results over time. Surgical outcomes may be the most impactful clinical factor in predicting long-term breast cosmesis.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Sapindus mukorossi has been traditionally used in China for skin whitening and acne treatment. Previous studies have confirmed the antibacterial activity of Sapindus saponins against Cutibacterium acnes, which is reportedly the primary factor causing inflamed lesions in acne vulgaris. However, the anti-acne activity in vivo and related cellular targets of Sapindus saponins are still unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to investigate the anti-acne effects in vivo and the action mechanism of Sapindus mukorossi saponins fraction (SMSF) by the strategy of network pharmacology, transcriptomic analysis, and microbiome integration. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The network pharmacology analysis was used to evaluate the cellular targets of SMSF treatment on acne. The transcriptome analysis was utilized to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and the 16S rDNA sequencing was employed to analyze the composition of skin microbiota. RESULTS: SMSF was proven to have no acute, continuous skin or eye irritation in New Zealand rabbits when the concentration was below 50 mg/mL. SMSF could greatly reduce the lesion degree of rabbit ear acne and significantly decrease the content of pro-inflammatory factors in the rabbit ear tissue and serum after treatment for 14 days. The contents of dihydrotestosterone and leukotriene were significantly decreased, and the structure of bacterial microbiota was regulated. The network pharmacology analysis showed that the main 79 anti-acne targets of SMSF such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin 10. The transcriptomic analysis confirmed that there were 2084 DEGs between the SMSF-treated group and the model group, of which 870 were up-regulated and 1214 were down-regulated. Correlation analysis between the DEGs and the anti-acne targets predicted by network pharmacology showed that there were 6 overlapping targets, including TNF, vitamin D receptor, androgen receptor, prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma, and nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1. Moreover, SMSF achieved anti-acne activities by maintaining normal cellular protein synthesis, regulating cytokine production as well as regulating cancer-related genes and the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. CONCLUSION: SMSF exerted anti-acne activities via multiple targets and signaling pathways. This study provided a theoretical basis for the utilization of Sapindus saponins in the fields of medicine and cosmetics, and supplied a guiding significance for the development of natural anti-acne drugs.

Individuals with skin of color (SOC) can sunburn and develop skin cancer, often presenting at advanced stages with higher morbidity and melanoma-related mortality. However, patient education on photoprotection for SOC populations remains limited. This scoping review investigated the benefits of photoprotection and the factors influencing sun protective behaviors in SOC populations. EMBASE, MEDLINE, and PubMed were searched from January 1st, 2018 to December 31st, 2022, using the overarching terms of "SOC," "skin cancer," and "photoprotection." Original, English-language studies were included, while non-human and incomplete studies were excluded. The review found that while photoprotection benefits SOC populations, individuals within these groups exhibit lower knowledge of and participation in sun-protective behaviors. This gap is influenced by a complex interplay of factors, including cultural values, family dynamics, gender, education, and societal norms surrounding beauty. Misconceptions about innate sun protection contribute to this gap. To address this, culturally relevant education, community engagement, healthcare integration, and increased representation of SOC in dermatological research are essential to improving sun-safe habits in these communities.